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Цитати
Jan No
цитира
преди 2 години
deductively valid inference is one for which there is no situation in which all the premisses are true, but the conclusion is not.
Jan No
цитира
преди 2 години
But there are good reasons to suppose that ‘or’ and ‘and’, as they occur in English, are not truth functions – at least, not always.
Jan No
цитира
преди 2 години
Again, it is not merely the truth values of the disjuncts that are important, but the existence of a connection of a certain kind between them.
Jan No
цитира
преди 2 години
Thus, it is not just the truth values of the conjuncts that are important, but which conjunct caused which.
Jan No
цитира
преди 2 години
In a situation, a unique truth value (T or F) is assigned to each relevant sentence.
Jan No
цитира
преди 2 години
A situation comes furnished with a stock of objects.
Jan No
цитира
преди 2 години
(Compare: Everyone has a mother; it does not follow that there is someone who is the mother of everyone.)
Jan No
цитира
преди 2 години
The sentence nP is true in a situation if the object referred to by n has the property expressed by P in that situation.
Jan No
цитира
преди 2 години
definite descriptions, or sometimes just descriptions
Jan No
цитира
преди 2 години
descriptions have the form: the thing satisfying such and such a condition.
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